MAIN SOURCES

1. SOLAR PANEL

6V, 1W

2. RECHARGEABLE BATTERY

component

Before test in the software, must identified the component that used in this project.

1. voltage regulator

The LM317 is a linear voltage regulator used in DC to DC converter applications. The overall function of the LM317 is similar to that of the LM78xx series regulators. Whereas the 7805 series of regulators have fixed output voltages (ex. 7805 has 5V output), the LM317 can be adjusted to any voltage 

2. diode

A diode allows electricity to flow in one direction only and blocks the flow in the opposite direction. They may be regarded as one-way valves and they are used in various circuits, usually as a form of protection. 

3. resistor

Resistors are the most commonly used component in electronics and their purpose is to create specified values of  current and voltage in a circuit.

4. variable resistor

A variable resistor informally a pot, is a three-terminal resistor with a sliding contact that forms an adjustable voltage divider.

5. capacitor

Capacitors are components that are used to store an electrical charge and are used in timer circuits.  Sometimes capacitors are used to smooth a current in a circuit as they can prevent false triggering of other components such as relays. When power is supplied to a circuit that includes a capacitor - the capacitor charges up. When power is turned off the capacitor discharges its electrical charge slowly.

6. transistor

A transistor is a semiconductor device used to amplify and switch electronic signals and electrical power. It is composed of semiconductor material with at least three terminals for connection to an external circuit. A voltage or current applied to one pair of the transistor's terminals changes the current through another pair of terminals. Because the controlled (output) power can be higher than the controlling (input) power, a transistor can amplify a signal. 

7. relay

A relay is an electrically operated switch. Many relays use an electromagnet to operate a switching mechanism mechanically, but other operating principles are also used. Relays are used where it is necessary to control a circuit by a low-power signal (with complete electrical isolation between control and controlled circuits), or where several circuits must be controlled by one signal.

8. microcontoller: pic16877a

PICs are popular with both industrial developers and hobbyists alike due to their low cost, wide availability, large user base, extensive collection of application notes, availability of low cost or free development tools, and serial programming (and re-programming with flash memory) capability. They are also commonly used in educational programming as they often come with the easy to use 'pic logicator' software.

9. LED

LED just act as signal to show the current are flow in the circuit.

circuit

for this charger, there has 3 divide of circuit
 1. controller charging
 2. voltage sensor
 3. pic & relay